There are literally hundreds of ergonomic monitor arms on the market. Of these, there are core differentiating factors that are clearly visible, like styling, height adjustment range and number of monitors they’ll hold, and then there are those differences that are invisible to the eye—the internal mechanisms.

The most significant internal difference between different models is whether they are built using gas cylinders (a.k.a. gas strut, gas piston, or air cylinder) or metal springs (a.k.a. spring coils) to provide their counterbalance force.

Some monitor arms use metal spring coils like this as a counterbalance mechanism.

Coil Springs

Metal coil springs are used primarily because they are more economical, and have no parts to fail or seals to leak so they also have extreme longevity. This means their force will remain constant as the years go by. They’re not as smooth or silent as gas cylinders, and they have a faster “kick back” (stronger release force). The counterbalance forces increases linearly as the spring coils are compressed. The force rendered by a spring coil depends on its material, wire thickness, spring diameter, number of coils and length.

Summary

While there are tradeoffs between using coil springs vs. gas cylinders in ergonomic monitor arms, high-quality display mounts can be made with either. Which you choose often comes down to your specific needs and personal preference.

Coil Springs

Gas Cylinders

Cost

Generally more economical

Generally more expensive

Life Expectancy

Long product lifetimes

Moderate product lifetimes, greater variability between high and low quality

User Experience

Can make noise or feel "bouncy"

Smooth, silent operation

Kickback (Release Force)

Fast

Slow